Moods

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There are three moods (способи дієслова) in English: The Indicative Mood (дійсний) The Subjunctive Mood (умовний) and the Imperative Mood ( наказовий).

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The Indicative Mood represents an action as a real fact in Present, Past and Future Tense. She leaves with her mother. A letter came from them today. I shall go into the garden.

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The Subjunctive Mood represents an action not as real fact but as something that would take place under certain conditions, something desirable, necessary or unreal, unrealizable.

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Умовний спосіб виражає дію не як реальну, а як таку, що могла б відбутися за певних умов, а також необхідну, бажану або нереальну, нездійсненну. Oh, if I had but come last night.- О, якби я тільки прийшла вчора ввечері.

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There are four forms of the Subjunctive Mood in English: The Conditional Mood, The Suppositional Mood, Subjunctive I and Subjunctive II.

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The Conditional Mood has two tenses: the Present and the Past.

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The Present Conditional is formed by means of the auxiliary verbs should and would and the Indefinite Infinitive of the main verb.

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I should/would work. He (she, it, you, they) would work.

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The Present Conditional expresses an action which would take place under certain conditions in the present or future. But for the rain we would work in the garden today.- Якби не дощ, ми працювали сьогодні в саду.

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The Past Conditional is formed by means of the auxiliary verbs should and would and the Perfect Indefinite of the main verb. I (we) should/would have worked. He ( she, it, you, they) would have worked.

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The Past Conditional is used to express an action which would have taken place under certain conditions in the past. She would have bought a watch but the shop was closed.