Мультимедийное сопровождение занятия по теме «Cardiovascular diseases»

Слайд #1

ГБПОУ ДЗМ «МК № 6»


Тема «Cardiovascular diseases»

Автор: Пчёлина Л.Г.

Учебная дисциплина: ОГСЭ. 03 Иностранный язык
Специальность: 34.02.01 Сестринское дело


2024 год
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Слайд #2

Цели и задачи занятия
Уметь:
-читать, писать и переводить терминологию по теме занятия.
-правильно читать и переводить текст по теме занятия
-отвечать на вопросы по прочитанному.
-правильно использовать основные грамматические категории
-выполнять лексико-грамматические упражнения
-вести простейшую
Развивать навыки понимания иноязычной речи.
Воспитывать умение работать сообща.

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Слайд #3

Цели и задачи занятия
Знать:
-правила чтения.
-основные правила технического перевода.
-лексику и речевые обороты по теме занятия.
-грамматические категории по теме занятия.
Развивать навыки чтения англоязычных текстов для получения различных видов информации.
Воспитывать умение слушать мнения других людей, навыки ведения беседы.
Развивать у студентов логическое мышление, внимание, память, языковую догадку, умение работать сообща.

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Слайд #4

План занятия
1. Организационный момент: приветствие, проверка внешнего вида, беседа с дежурным, запись в тетрадь число, тема занятия.
2. Речевая разминка.
3. Проверка домашнего задания.
4. Актуализация и коррекция опорных знаний-умений.
5. Мотивация учебной деятельности.
6. Изложение нового материала.
7. Обобщение и систематизация знаний.
8. Рефлексия.
9. Итоги занятия.
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Слайд #5

2. «Заболевания сердечно-сосудистой системы»

Работаем по раздаточному материалу текст «Cardiovascular diseases».
Работа со словами: выпишите незнакомые слова из текста и найдите в словаре перевод, выучите слова.
Работа с текстом: прочитайте и переведите текст. Выполните задания.

Домашняя работа: выучить слова по теме занятия и рассказать о заболеваниях сердечно-сосудистой системы.
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Слайд #6

VOCABULARY
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heart
heart rate
normal heart rate
abnormal heart rate
artery
arterial
arterial blood
arterial blood supply
vein
venous
venous blood
venous blood return
pulse
pulse rate
rapid pulse rate
pulse pressure
low pulse pressure
blood
blood pressure
systolic blood pressure
increased systolic blood pressure
diastolic blood pressure
decreased diastolic blood pressure

Слайд #7

Task. Warm-up discussion

What are the main structural parts of the cardiovascular system?
What function does it perform in the body?
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Слайд #8

Hypertension . VOCABULARY
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hypertension
hypertensive crisis
primary hypertension
essential hypertention
secondary hypertension
blood
blood pressure
measure blood pressure
high blood pressure
persistent high blood pressure

low blood pressure
to treat – treatment
to prevent – prevention
to measure – measurement
to cause – cause
to complain of – complaint
to elevate – elevation
to reduce – reduction

Слайд #9

Task. Warm-up discussion.
What is hypertension? Why do you think so many people in developed contries suffer from this disease? What can we do to solve the problem?
Hypertension is a persistent elevation of the systolic blood pressure above 140 mm Hg and the diastolic blood pressure above 90 mm Hg It can be classified as primary (or essential) and secondary. Primary hypertension indicates that no specific medical cause can be found. Secondary 10 hypertension indicates that the high blood pressure is the result of another condition, such as kidney disease or certain tumors. High blood pressure is the major risk factor for coronary, cerebral, renal, and peripheral vascular disease. The disease is initially asymptomatic. But later the patient may complain of headache, visual disturbances, dizziness, chest pain, tinnitus, etc. One of the serious complications of hypertension is hypertensive crisis. It refers to any clinical condition requiring immediate reduction in blood pressure. It is acute and life-threatening. The accelerated hypertension requires emergency treatment, since target organ damage (brain, heart, kidneys, retina of the eye) can occur quickly. Death can be caused by stroke, renal failure, or cardiac disease.
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Слайд #10

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Diagnosis of hypertension is generally made on the basis of a persistent high blood pressure. It usually requires three separate measurements at least one week apart. If an elevation is extreme, or end organ damage is present, the diagnosis may be applied immediately. The treatment includes reduction of blood pressure and prevention or lessening of the extent of organ damage. Non pharmacological methods, such as lifestyle changes, may be initially prescribed. The patient may require pharmacological treatment: such medications as beta-blockers, ACE-inhibitors, diuretics and others. It is evident that our health mostly depends on us. If you want to be healthy, people should keep to a diet, be active, even-tempered, and never smoke or use any substances, such as drugs or alcohol.

Слайд #11

Task
1. What is the systolic blood pressures in hypertension?
2. What is the diastolic blood pressure in hypertension?
3. List the risk factors for this disease.
4. What does the patient with hypertension complain of?
5. How can we make a diagnosis of hypertension?
6. What are the ways of treatment of hypertension?
7. What does nonpharmacological method of treatment include?
8. What organs can be damaged in hypertensive crisis?
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Слайд #12

Task . Are these statements true (T) or false (F)?
1. Hypertension is a reduction of blood pressure.
2. Primary hypertension is caused by kidney disease.
3. Hypertensive crisis is a life-threatening condition.
4. The treatment of hypertension can be nonpharmacological.
5. To make a diagnosis of hypertension BP measurement is not
necessary.
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Слайд #13

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Task . Complete the sentences.

1. Hypertension is …
2. It is classified as …
3. The disease is caused by …
4. The patients at risk are …
5. This disease is characterized by …
6. The patient experiences such symptoms as …
7. The main complications of hypertension are …
8. The diagnostic methods include …
9. The treatment of hypertension is aimed at …
10. Preventive measures are the following …

Слайд #14

WORK IN PAIRS

Task

Ask your partner about any medical terms relating to the topic and answer his/her questions.
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Слайд #15

Stroke. VOCABULARY
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brain
brain damage
brain function
normal brain function
abnormal brain function
impaired brain function
impair
impairment
physical impairment
intellectual impairment
permanent intellectual impairment


cerebral
cerebral artery
cerebral accident
cerebral embolism
cerebral thrombosis
conscious
consciousness
unconscious
unconsciousness
loss of consciousness
to lose consciousness
to regain consciousness

Слайд #16

Task. Warm-up discussion.
What is stroke? What are the possible onsequencies of this disease? Can we prevent it?
Stroke (or cerebrovascular accident) is a medical emergency. It is a rapidly developing loss of brain functions due to an interruption in the blood supply to all or part of the brain. There are two types of stroke: ischemic and hemorrhagic. Ischemic stroke occurs when a blood clot forms in a damaged vessel and blocks the blood flow to a part of the brain. Hemorrhagic stroke is caused by bursting of a blood vessel that stops normal blood flow. As a result blood leaks into 18 and destroys an area of the brain. Without oxygen and nutrients, nerve cells in the brain will die within minutes. When this happens, the part of the body controlled by these cells fails to function properly as well. The risk factors of stroke include high blood pressure, advanced age, heart disease, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, the use of estrogens, and atherosclerosis. Stroke may be caused by cerebral thrombosis, embolism, or hemorrhage. Thrombosis as the leading cause of stroke accounts for approximately 50% of all the cases. Cerebral embolism makes up 30 to 35%, and hemorrhage – about 20 to 25%.
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Слайд #17

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The symptoms of stroke can vary from mild to severe. It depends on the area of the brain involved in the pathological process. Among these symptoms one can name impaired body sensation, impaired movement, headache, dizziness, confusion, visual disturbance, loss of speech, difficulty of swallowing, etc. In most cases, the symptoms develop in minutes or over a period of hours. However, in some cases the development occurs over a period of several days. Weakness, or paralysis on one or both sides of the body, rapid loss of consciousness, or coma would be the symptoms that signal serious stroke. Less severe stroke may have symptoms that are barely noticeable. The diagnosis of stroke is made by electroencephalogram (EEG) data, scanning of the brain, laboratory findings, and other modern methods of diagnosis. Clinical symptoms are also very important to make the correct diagnosis. Stroke should be taken seriously since there is always a chance of severe complications. Even if the symptoms of stroke last for less than 24 hours with a full recovery, the patient should seek medical attention. An ambulance should be called immediately. Although about half of the patients with stroke recover almost completely, some intellectual
19 impairment may be permanent. Stroke is one of the leading causes of death and disability in the developed countries. The treatment of stroke depends on its severity. A patient who is hospitalized for stroke may be treated with diuretics, or anticoagulant drugs depending on the cause and extent of the damage.

Слайд #18

Task. Read the text and answer these questions.
1. What does the term “cerebrovascular accident” mean?
2. List the types of stroke that you know.
3. What is hemorrhagic stroke?
4. What are the risk factors for stroke?
5. Describe the main causes of stroke?
6. Can you name the symptoms of this disease?
7. How can stroke be diagnosed?
8. Why do you think stroke is one of the leading causes of death in
the developed countries?
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Слайд #19

Task. Are these statements true (T) or false (F)? If the statement is
false, correct the statement.
1. Stroke is a slowly developing impairment of brain function.
2. It occurs when the blood flow to the part of the heart stops.
3. High blood pressure is one of the risk factors of stroke.
4. Symptoms of stroke can vary depending on the location of brain
damage.
5. A patient with stroke doesn’t need hospitalization and can be
treated at home.
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Слайд #20

Task. Complete the sentences.
1. Stroke is …
2. The two main forms of stroke are …
3. The patients at risk are …
4. It is caused by …
5. This disease is characterized by …
6. The patient complains of such symptoms as …
7. The main complications of stroke are …
8. The diagnostic methods include …
9. The treatment of stroke is aimed at …
10. Preventive measures are the following …
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Слайд #21

Task.
Ask your partner about any medical terms relating to the topic and answer his/her questions.

Discuss any information you know about the topic with a partner.
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Слайд #22

Check your vocabulary
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acute attack [əˌkjuːt ə'tæk] – острый приступ
affect [ə'fekt] – поражать, нарушать
angina [æn'ʤaɪnə] – стенокардия
angina pectoris [ænˌʤaɪnə 'pektərɪs] – стенокардия, грудная жаба
aorta [eɪ'ɔːtə] – аорта
arteriole [ɑː'tɪərɪəʊl] – артериола
artery ['ɑːtərɪ] – артерия
atherosclerosis [ˌæθərəusklə'rəusɪs] – атеросклероз
atrioventricular node [ætrɪəvɛn'trɪkjʊlə nəud] – атриоветрикулярный узел
atrioventricular valve [ætrɪəvɛn'trɪkjʊlə vælv] – атриовентрикулярный клапан
auscultate the heart (listen to the heart) ['ɔːsk(ə)lteɪt] – аускультировать сердце
beats per minute [biːts pɜː 'mɪnɪt] – ударов в минуту
bicuspid (mitral) valve [baɪ'kʌspɪd ('maɪtrəl) vælv] – двустворчатый клапан
bleeding ['bliːdɪŋ] – кровотечение
blood [blʌd] – кровь

blood clot [blʌd ˌklɔt] – тромб, сгусток крови
blood flow [blʌd ˌfləu] – кровоток
blood pressure ['blʌdˌpreʃə] – кровяное давление
blood pressure measurement [blʌd ˌpreʃə 'meʒəmənt] – измерение АД
bradycardia [ˌbradɪ'kɑːdɪə] – брадикардия
brain [breɪn] – головной мозг
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bundle of His [ˌbʌndl əv 'hɪs] – пучок Гиса
capillary [kə'pɪl(ə)rɪ] – капилляр
cardiac disease [ˌkɑːdɪæk dɪ'ziːz] – заболевание сердца
cardiac failure [ˌkɑːdɪæk 'feɪljə] – сердечная недостаточность
cardiovascular disorder (cardiovascular disease) [ˌkɑːdɪəu'væskjulə dɪˌsɔːdə] –
заболевание сердечно-сосудистой системы
cause [kɔːz] – 1. причина. 2. вызывать.

Слайд #23

Check your vocabulary
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cerebrovascular accident [ˌserəbrəuˌvæskjʊlə 'æksɪd(ə)nt] – инсульт
chest pain ['ʧest peɪn] – боль в груди
complain of [kəm'pleɪn] – жаловаться на что-либо
complication [ˌkɔmplɪ'keɪʃ(ə)n] – осложнение
condition [kən'dɪʃ(ə)n] – 1. состояние. 2. условие
conductive system [kənˌdʌktɪv 'sɪstəm] – проводящая система
consciousness ['kɔnʃəsnəs] – сознание
contract [kən'trækt] – сокращаться
contraction [kən'trækʃən] – сокращение
coronary artery disease [ˌkɔrən(ə)rɪ ˌɑːtərɪ dɪ'ziːz] – заболевание коронарных
артерий
deoxygenated blood [diːˌɒksɪdʒəneɪt blʌd] – деоксигенированная кровь
diagnose (make a diagnosis) ['daɪəgnəuz] – диагностировать
diastolic blood pressure ['blʌdˌpreʃə] – диастолическое давление крови
dizziness ['dɪzɪnəs] – головокружение
electrocardiogram (ECG, EKG) [ɪˌlektrəu'kɑːdɪəgræm] – электрокардиограмма
electroencephalogram (EEG) [ɪˌlektrəuen'sefələgræm] – электроэнцефалограмма
elevate ['elɪveɪt] – повышать
elevation [ˌelə'veɪʃ(ə)n] – повышение
embolism ['embəlɪz(ə)m] – эмболия
endocarditis [ˌendəukɑː'daɪtɪs] – эндокардит
endocardium [ˌendəu'kɑːdɪəm] – эндокард
epicardium [ˌepɪ'kɑːdɪəm] – эпикард

exertion [ɪg'zɜːʃ(ə)n] – напряжение, нагрузка; on exertion – при нагрузке
feel the pulse [fiːl] – пальпировать пульс
headache ['hedeɪk] – головная боль
heart [hɑːt] – сердце
heart chamber ['hɑːt ˌʧeɪmbə] – камера сердца
heart layer ['hɑːt ˌleɪə] – слой сердца
heart muscle ['hɑːt ˌmʌsl] – сердечная мышца
heart rate ['hɑːt reɪt] – частота сердечных сокращений
heart sound ['hɑːt saund] – тон сердца
heart surface ['hɑːt ˌsɜːfɪs] – поверхность сердца
He morrhage ['hem(ə)rɪʤ] – кровотечение
hemorrhagic stroke [ˌheməræjik 'strəuk] – геморрагический инсульт
hypertension (high blood pressure) [ˌhaɪpə'tenʃən] – гипертензия
hypertensive crisis [ˌhaɪpətensɪv 'kraɪsɪs] – гипертонический криз
hypotension (low blood pressure) [ˌhaɪpəu'tenʃən] – гипотензия
impairment [ɪm'peəmənt] – нарушение
ischemic stroke [ˌɪskiːmɪk 'strəuk] – ишемический инсульт
kidney disease ['kɪdnɪ dɪˌziːz] – заболевание почек
left atrium [left 'eɪtrɪəm] – левое предсердие
left ventricle [left 'ventrɪkl] – левый желудочек
loss of consciousness [ˌlɔs əf 'kɔnʃəsnəs]– потеря сознания
measure (take) blood pressure [ˌmeʒə 'blʌdˌpreʃə] – измерять АД
myocardial infarction [maɪəuˌkɑːdɪəl ɪn'fɑːkʃən] – инфаркт миокарда

Слайд #24

Check your vocabulary
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myocardial ischemia [maɪəuˌkɑːdɪəl ɪ'skiːmɪə] – ишемия миокарда
myocarditis [ˌmaɪəukɑː'daɪtɪs] – миокардит
myocardium [ˌmaɪəu'kɑːdɪəm] – миокард
obstruction [əb'strʌkʃən] – обструкция, сужение
oxygen consumption ['ɔksɪʤən kənˌsʌmpʃən] – потребление кислорода
oxygen demand ['ɔksɪʤən dɪˌmɑːnd] – потребность в кислороде
oxygen supply ['ɔksɪʤən səˌplaɪ] – снабжение кислородом
oxygenated blood ['ɔksɪʤəneɪtɪd blʌd] – кровь, насыщенная кислородом
palpitation [ˌpælpɪ'teɪʃ(ə)n] – сердцебиение
paralysis [pə'ræləsɪs] – паралич
prevent [prɪ'vent] – профилактировать, предохранять
primary hypertension [ˌpraɪmərɪ ˌhaɪpə'tenʃən] – первичная гипертензия
pulmonary artery [ˌpʌlmən(ə)rɪ 'ɑːtərɪ] – легочный ствол
pulmonary vein [ˌpʌlmən(ə)rɪ veɪn] – легочная вена
pulmonic circulation [pʌlˌmɔnɪk ˌsɜːkjə'leɪʃ(ə)n] – малый круг кровообращения
pulse [pʌls] – пульс
pulse pressure ['pʌls ˌpreʃə] – пульсовое давление
pulse rate ['pʌls reɪt] – частота пульса
pump [pʌmp] – выбрасывать (кровь)
Purkinje fibers [pəˌkɪndʒi faɪbəz] – волокна Пуркинье
radiate ['reɪdieɪt] – иррадировать, отдавать
receive [rɪ'siːv] – принимать (кровь)
reduce [rɪ'djuːs] – снижать
reduction [rɪ'dʌkʃən] – снижение
relieve [rɪ'liːv] – успокаивать или ослаблять (боль)
renal failure [ˌriːn(ə)l 'feɪljə] – почечная недостаточность
right atrium [ˌraɪt 'eɪtrɪəm] – правое предсердие

right ventricle [ˌraɪt 'ventrɪkl] – правый желудочек
secondary hypertension [ˌsekənd(ə)rɪ ˌhaɪpə'tenʃən] – вторичная гипертензия
semilunar valve [ˌsemiˌlu:nə 'vælv] – полулунный клапан
septum ['septəm] – перегородка
sinoatrial node [ˌsaɪnəʊ'eɪtrɪəl nəud] – синоатриальный узел
stroke [strəuk] – инсульт
systemic circulation [sɪsˌtimɪk ˌsɜːkjə'leɪʃ(ə)n] – большой круг кровообращения
systolic blood pressure [sɪˌstɔlɪk 'blʌd ˌpreʃə] – систолическое давление крови
tachycardia [ˌtækɪ'kɑːdɪə] – тахикардия
thrombosis [θrɔm'bəusɪs] – тромбоз
tinnitus ['tɪnɪtəs] – звон в ушах
transport [træn'spɔːt] – транспортировать, переносить (кровь, вещество)
treat [triːt] – лечить
treatment ['triːtmənt] – лечение
tricuspid (right atrioventricular) valve [trʌɪ'kʌspɪd vælv] – трехстворчатый
клапан
vasoconstriction [ˌveɪzəʊkən'strɪkʃən] – сужение сосудов
vasodilation [ˌveɪzəʊdaɪ'leɪʃən] – расширение сосудов
vein [veɪn] – вена
vena cava inferior [ˌviːnə 'keɪvə ɪnˌfɪərɪə] – нижняя полая вена
vena cava superior [ˌviːnə 'keɪvə suːˌpɪərɪə] – верхняя полая вена
venule ['venjuːl] – венула
vessel ['ves(ə)l] – сосуд
visual disturbance [ˌvɪʒuəl dɪ'stɜːbəns] – нарушение зрения
weakness ['wiːknəs] – слабость

Слайд #25

ГБПОУ ДЗМ «МК № 6»
Тема «Cardiovascular diseases»

Автор: Пчёлина Л.Г.

Учебная дисциплина: ОГСЭ. 03 Иностранный язык
Специальность: 34.02.01 Сестринское дело


2024 год

25