Проект по английскому языку "Говорящая одежда"

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Работу выполнила:
Ученица 9 А класса
Смирнова Юлия
Руководитель:
Учитель английского языка
Тимченко Гузель Гакифовна.

«Говорящая одежда.
Анализ надписей на одежде»
г. Елабуга
    2022 г.
Елабужского муниципального района Республики Татарстан
Муниципальное бюджетное общеобразовательное учреждение
Маршала Советского Союза Говорова Л.А.»
«Средняя общеобразовательная школа №2 им. Героя Советского Союза,

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Тема проекта
The theme of the project
Говорящая одежда. 
Анализ надписей на одежде.
Автор: Юлия Смирнова 9 “A” класс

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Project Goals
1. Learn more about the meaning of coloured clothes.

2. Learn about the history of coloured clothes.

3. Find out about coloured clothing in different countries.

4.  Learn something new about foreign languages.

5. Make a conclusion based on this information.

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The roots of printed clothes
The printed T-Shirt. A global icon of pop culture. People wear coloured clothing all the time. But have you ever wondered where this came from?
The roots of the decorated apparel industry go back to ancient China, where the technique of screen printing was developed sometime during the Song Dynasty (960–1279 AD). Originally, the process used silk screens. Over the years, the technique expanded with new methods spread to other Asian countries like Japan, and was furthered by creating newer methods. It was Europe from Asia sometime in the late 1700s, but wasn’t popular until later.
An even older textile printing method, woodblock printing, had also been invented in China about 220 AD and was introduced to Europe in the 1100s. About the same time, the British textile industry became the first major industry to be industrialized.

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XX century and printed T-shirts
Printing and T-Shirts came together in the early 1950s, when several companies based in Miami, Florida started to decorate T-shirts with resort names and characters.
Also in the early 1900s, various methods of improving on-screen printing were developed. Eventually, the National Serigraphic Society formed to promote it as an art.
Ever since people invented prints on T-shirts, this type of clothing has been a tool for publicly demonstrating one's position, tastes and beliefs.
Popular designs from the period included swirling multi-colored designs, happy faces, the face of Communist revolutionary Che Guevara and the famous “I ♥ N Y”.

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Printing and T-Shirts came together in the early 1950s, when several companies based in Miami, Florida started to decorate T-shirts with resort names and characters.
50-ies and printed T-shirts
In 1951 the movie "A Streetcar Named Desire" appeared on the big screens, in which Marlon Brando, who played the leading role, repeatedly appears in the frame in a white tight T-shirt. After that, the item of clothing, previously worn only by workers and the military, became fashionable. James Dean, who in 1955 appeared in a white T-shirt in the film "Rebel Without a Cause", also contributed to the growth of its popularity.

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60-ies and printed T-shirts
This decade was the heyday of the hippie culture, and white T-shirts literally absorbed all the colors of the rainbow. The same subculture had the idea of making T-shirts a weapon in the political struggle and using them to express their ideas. As a sign of protest against the Vietnam War, the famous pacific badge and slogans for peace, such as the iconic Make love not war, appear on T-shirts.
As t-shirts became popular, screen printing was being ever more improved. American entrepreneur, artist and inventor Michael Vasilantone began to develop, use, and sell a rotary multicolor garment screen printing machine in 1960. This quickly became the most popular garment printing machine (and still is today), and garment printing also became the most popular form of screen printing.

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The heyday of rock culture in the 1970s brought T-shirts to a new level of popularity. The Rolling Stones were the first to make a T-shirt with their band logo, printing the famous tongue print drawn by the artist John Pachet. Until now different clothing brands periodically put this print on the T-shirts of their new collections. The Rolling Stones example was followed by other rock bands - and the T-shirt became a way to show the world your musical preferences without saying a word.
70-ies and printed T-shirts
In the 1970s, major brands started to use t-shirts as a form of advertising. Starting with Coca-Cola and Disney products and characters, it spread, with many companies printing shirts with their logos on it (along with ball caps). Movie and TV-based shirts developed as well.

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80-ies and printed T-shirts
In the 1980s, an ink that changes its color depending on the ambient temperature (thermochromatic ink) became widespread. It was frequently used for printing images in the USA and England, but it was not practical (it quickly faded and cracked), so it was soon abandoned.
In the second half of the 1980s, reconstruction began in the USSR, and at the same time Soviet symbols were gaining popularity in pop culture. Banners with sickle and hammer, "Pravda" front pages, and other symbols of Soviet power became fashionable prints for T-shirts. In 1988, the first international music festival "Musicians for Peace" was held in the Green Theater of Gorky Park, where many performers wore T-shirts with the inscription "Perestroika" and symbols of the Union.

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90-ies and printed T-shirts
In the early 90's, many companies have embraced the fact that it is very profitable to put their brands and images of their own products on T-shirts. Increasingly, elements of corporate identity were applied to T-shirts. Initially for advertising campaigns, and soon for everyday use. This method of product promotion was used back in the 1970s by Coca-Cola and Walt Disney.
The current holder of the Guinness World Record for “Most T-Shirts Worn at Once” with 257 T-shirts is Sanath Bandara. The record was set in Colombo, Sri Lanka, on December 22, 2011. The record was attempted on stage in front of a crowd of people in a public park in Colombo. Bandara surpassed previous record-holder Hwang Kwanghee from South Korea, who had held the record at 252 shirts.
INTERESTING FACT

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2000s and printed T-shirts

In the early 2000s, humorous, political, and “statement” t-shirts became the rage, especially after pop celebrities started taking them on. They are also hugely popular for events, charity causes and local businesses.
The "I Love New York" T-shirt design was invented back in the late '70s as part of a program to promote tourism. In the early 2000s, after the 9/11 tragedy, people from all over the world put on T-shirts with this inscription to express sympathy for those who lost their loved ones because of the terrorist attack. So the souvenir for tourists became a sign of solidarity and grief. After that, T-shirts and sweatshirts with similar symbols of different cities began to acquire additional meaning if tragedies occurred there. This happened with T-shirts "I love Madrid" after the terrorist attacks in 2004 and "I love London" in 2005.

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2010s and printed T-shirts
The fashion of the 2010s will be remembered for T-shirts with Cyrillic inscriptions. Designer Gosha Rubchinskiy started this trend. His 2014 collection of T-shirts and other items with the inscription "Dawn is around the corner" established the Cyrillic script as a new symbol of street style around the world. In 2016, the trend spread to the mass market as well: the Spanish company Zara released its own collection of T-shirts with inscriptions in Russian.
As of 2015, the t-shirt shows no sign of decreasing in popularity as casual is still cool and even fashionable…even as some minor trends show an increasing interest in more professional-looking polo shirts, uniforms and more modest clothing.

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Conclusion
This way, we learned about The history of printed T-shirts. The culture of coloured clothes has come a long way. Despite everything, people still wear different T-shirts with variety of pictures and prints. Printed clothing helps us to express our beliefs and feelings, find people with same interests.

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List of used literature
1. https://snob.ru/entry/186082/
2. https://www.shopworx.com/the-history-of-printed-t-shirts/
3. https://maek-mir.ru/sitenews/kto-kogda-nachal-pechat-na-futbolkah