Презентация по теме: "Страноведение. Канада"

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Canada









Canada is a state in the North America, the largest in terms of area on this continent and the second in the world. By population is the 37th state in the world (38,750,490 people).
The flag of Canada is red and white with the emblem of the maple leaf.

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It is washed by the Atlantic, Pacific and Arctic oceans, having the longest coastline in the world. It borders the United States of America in the south and northwest (Alaska), also has borders with Denmark (Greenland) in the northeast and France (Saint Pierre and Miquelon) in the east. The Canada-US water border is the longest common border in the world.

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Ottawa is the capital city of Canada. The leading cities of Canada are Toronto, Montreal, Vancouver.

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Canada is currently a federal state made up of ten provinces and three territories. The province with a predominantly French-speaking population is Quebec, the rest are predominantly English-speaking provinces, also called English Canada in comparison to French-speaking Quebec. As one of nine predominantly English-speaking provinces, New Brunswick is the only officially bilingual Canadian province. The Yukon Territory is officially bilingual (English and French), while the Northwest Territories and Nunavut Territory recognize eleven, including four official languages ​​respectively (which also includes English and French).

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From the history
Founded by the French explorer J. Cartier in 1534,
Canada originates from a French colony on the site of modern Quebec, originally inhabited by local peoples. After a period of English colonization, the Canadian confederation was born from the union of three British colonies (which were previously territories of New France). Canada gained independence from the United Kingdom through a peace process that lasted from 1867 to 1982.

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What is Canada?

The name Canada comes from the word kanata,
meaning "settlement", "village" and "land“ in the language of Iroquois, (territory of modern Quebec) - the first Indians, whom Jacques Cartier met in the summer of 1534 at their summer camp. Soon after the Cartier expedition, the Northern Iroquois tribe disappeared without a trace - as archaeological excavations have shown, most likely as a result of wars with the Southern Iroquois.

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Climate
Average January and July temperatures vary for each area. Winters can be very severe in some regions of the country, with average monthly temperatures reaching -15°C in the southern part of the country, and sometimes as low as -45°C with strong icy winds. The lowest temperature ever recorded in Canada is -63°C (in the Yukon). Annually, the level of snow cover can reach several meters (for example, in Quebec, an average of 337 cm). The coast of British Columbia, especially Vancouver Island, is an exception and enjoys a temperate climate with mild and rainy winters. Summer temperatures can reach +35 °C, even +40 °C, given the humidity index.

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Interesting facts
What are national symbols of Canada?
The state symbols of Canada are the beaver, the local breed of horses and the maple.

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Interesting facts
What is the national sport of Canada?
Hockey.

Are there any lakes in Canada?
Canada has more lakes than any other country.

Is Canada well-educated country?
More than 50% of its inhabitants have higher
education.
What is the most famous university of Canada?
University of Toronto.

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Modern Canada
Canada is a federal constitutional monarchy with a parliamentary system of government, its monarch is the monarch of the British Commonwealth of Nations with the transformation of the British Empire into the British Commonwealth in 1947, Canada gains its de facto independence, although its constitution remains in London.

Canada is a bilingual and multicultural country where English and French are recognized as official languages ​​at the federal level. A technologically and industrially advanced nation, Canada has a diversified economy based on abundant natural resources and trade.

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Administrative division
Canada is currently divided into 10 provinces and 3 territories. The newest administrative unit of Canada is the territory of Nunavut (created in 1999).

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The Prime-Minister
The Prime Minister of Canada (eng. Prime Minister of Canada, fr. Premier ministre du Canada) is the head of the Canadian government, usually the head of the political party with the largest number of seats in the House of Commons of Canada. The Prime Minister holds the title of The Honorable for life.

Justin Trudeau

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Animals
Reindeer, polar hare, lemmings, arctic fox and the original musk ox are found in the tundra zone.

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To the south
the animal world is more diverse - red deer, elk, in mountainous areas - bighorn sheep and mountain goat. Rodents are quite numerous: Canadian chikari squirrel, chipmunks, American flying squirrel, beaver, muskrat.

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Animals
the Canadian lynx and cougar live. There are wolves, foxes, a gray bear - a grizzly, a raccoon, otter, wolverine, etc. There are many nesting migratory birds. The fauna of reptiles and amphibians is not rich. There are a lot of fish in freshwater reservoirs.

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Popular food in Canada
Tourtière - look for this name on the menu of Canadian restaurants. It is a round pie stuffed with meat (lamb, pork or beef). The meat pie on the Christmas table in Canada is the same as Olivier in Russia. You can buy a pie all year round, in almost any supermarket. There are nuances in the recipe - each housewife has her own secrets.

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Maple syrup
The first place in popularity is occupied by maple syrup - a Canadian symbol, a unique product. The sugar maple, which is harvested for sap in early spring, grows only in North America. To make one liter of juice, you need to evaporate 40 liters of juice.

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Poutine
Poutine is perhaps one of Canada's most outlandish and specific dishes. Several small towns in Quebec are vying for the right to be called the first to come up with this famous dish (or side dish) in the fifties. The real poutine is french fries under peppered meat sauce with “squeaky” curds.

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Beaver Tails
Essentially, it's a flattened donut without a hole. Beaver Tails are the most distinctive Canadian dish. The recipe has been passed down in the Graham Hooker family for generations, but it wasn't until 1978 that it became available to a wider audience. A year later, Graham Hooker opened his first Beaver Tails outlet in Ottawa to distribute treats that can be served with sugar, Nutello and a lost of other sweets.

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Smoked meat in Montreal
Smoked meat in Montreal is a kind of delicate product made by curing beef brisket in herbs. The brisket is left for a week to absorb the flavors, then it is hot-smoked, and finally steamed to bring it to a boil.