Презентация по грамматике английского языка по теме "Инфинитив"

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Рыжкова Елена Борисовна
Ульяновский педагогический колледж
The Infinitive and
the Gerund

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The Infinitive and Gerund
1. The definition
2. The Forms
4. The Syntactic Functions
5. Verbs taking the gerund or the infinitive
with a change in meaning
7. The Gerund and Verbal Noun Compared
6. The Infinitive Constructions

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Verb Characteristics:

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The Gerund and the Verbal Noun Compared

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Bare Infinitive
We usually use Bare Infinitive after:

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Bare Infinitive
We usually use Bare Infinitive after:

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The Forms of the Infinitive
Tense
Aspect

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Note!
It should be noted that the passive gerund is not much used.

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The Forms of the Gerund
A non-perfect gerund denotes
an action simultaneous with the
action expressed by the finite verb.

e.g. I’m surprised at his doing it so quickly.

Thank you for asking me to come.

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The Forms of the Gerund
A perfect gerund denotes an action
prior to that of the finite verb.


e.g. I’m surprised at his having done it so
quickly.

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The Forms of the Infinitive
A non-continuous (Indefinite) Infinitive expresses an action simultaneous with that expressed by the finite verb, so it may refer to the present, past or future.

e.g. I hope to meet her tonight.

I hoped to meet her yesterday.

I’ll hope to meet her tomorrow.

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The Forms of the Infinitive
A Continuous Infinitive denotes an
action simultaneous with that
expressed by the finite verb, but it is
an action in progress.


e.g. He must be sleeping now.

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The Forms of the Infinitive
A Perfect Infinitive denotes an action
prior to the action expressed by the
finite verb.

e.g. He claims to have worked here.
(First he worked here, then he
claimed he had worked here.)

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The Forms of the Infinitive
A Perfect Continuous Infinitive
expresses an action going on before
the time indicated by a finite verb.

e.g. He seems to have been sitting
there all day.

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The syntactic Functions

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The syntactic Functions

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Verbs taking gerund or infinitive with a change in meaning

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The Verbs Follows by the Gerund:
Note!

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The Verbs Follows by the Infinitive:
Note!

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With some other verbs the infinitive and the
gerund seem to be interchangeable. These verbs are:
to begin, to cease, to continue, to dread, to hate, to
intend, to like, to love, to neglect, to prefer and to start.
However, after to begin, to cease and to continue
the infinitive is commonly found.

To start, to like and to hate are more often followed
by the gerund.

To commence and to set out are used with an
infinitive.
Yet to finish, to keep, to keep on, to leave off, and
to set about take the gerund.

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