Reported speech part 1 (reported statements) 10 класс forward

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Reported Speech part 1

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tongue twister

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Прямая речь –это речь, переданная дословно,
без изменений.
Tom tells his friends, “I work in London.”
“Who are you?” she cried. “What do you want?”
Косвенная речь – это передача содержания прямой речи в форме пересказа.
He says to Lena, “I see my friends every day.”

He says to Lena that he sees his friends every day.

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I
he, she, I (редко)
we
they, we (редко)
you
he, she, they
При этом при переводе прямой речи в косвенную местоимения изменяются согласно требованиям логики.
He tells them. “I can help you.”

He tells them that he can help them.

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Согласование времён – это зависимость времени глагола-сказуемого придаточного предложения от времени глагола-сказуемого главного предложения.
says
tells 2
says to 2
1
время не изменяется
She says, “I am fine”.
She says that she is fine.
1
said
told 2
said to 2
время изменяется
She said that she was fine.

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местоимения :
Указательные
this (этот) - that (тот)
these (эти) -those (те)
Личные
I - I, he, she
We - They

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Притяжательные :
my (мой) - his (его), her (её)
our (наш) - their (их)

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Модальные глаголы :
must - had to
may -might
should - should
can-could
have to - had to
will -would + V1

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Отрицательная форма модальных глаголов

can’t = couldn’t
shouldn’t = shouldn’t
won’t =wouldn’t
may not =might not
mustn’t = didn’t have to V1

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Глагол tell имеет значение «рассказывать» и употребляется с косвенным дополнением
She told her (that) she would be in Italy the following year.

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Глагол say переводится на русский язык как «сказать, произнести»
Как правило после этого глагола не употребляется дополнение

В настоящем времени в 3 лице ед. числа имеет форму says
В прошедшем времени имеет форму said

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В настоящем времени
He says he will come to Italy the following year.
Он говорит, что он поедет в Италию в следующем году
He says : «I will come to Italy next year.»
Он говорит : «Я поеду в Италию в следующем году.»

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Если слова автора употреблены в форме прошедшего времени, то времена согласуются :
He said : «I will come to Italy next year.»
Он сказал : «Я поеду в Италию в следующем году.»
He said (that) he would come to Italy the following year.

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В редких случаях, глагол say употребляется с косвенным дополнением, но после этого глагола употребляется предлог to
He said to me that we were best friends.

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1 said /said to 2/ told 2 that
подлежащее + сказуемое
Утверждения переводятся в косвенную речь следующим образом:
(Союз that можно не употреблять)
“I enjoy swimming,” Louisa said.

Louisa said that she enjoyed swimming.

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1) Tom said, “I am awfully tired”.
Tom said awfully tired.
he
was
that
2)I said to Mary, “I will be in London tomorrow”.
I said to Mary
that
I
would be in London
the next day.
3)Jim said, “I haven’t seen Alice today”.
Jim said that
he
hadn’t seen Alice
that day.
4)Ann said to Tom, “I didn’t know this girl”.
Ann told Tom that
she
hadn’t known
that girl.
1 said /said to 2/ told 2 that  V.

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Now let’s train!

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Задание 1. Заполните пропуски словами say и tell в нужной форме.

1.I…………her that she was my only friend.
2.He…………he would stay in New York.
3.She…………that she was going to invite me.
4.They didn’t…………us they were ill.
5.She…………she didn’t play the piano.

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Задание 2. Заполните пропуски словами say и tell в нужной форме.

1. He__to me I was at home.
2. They___her they are at the theater.
3. We ___that we were at the cinema.
4. She ___to her she was a doctor.
5. I ___that I passed exam.

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3. Преобразуйте предложения из прямой речи в коcвенную:

1. She says : «I played the piano 2 years ago».
2. They said to me : «We are at home now.»
3. We told them : «You are the best musicians.»
4. He said : «I want to become a pilot.»
5. She says : «I didn’t buy this book.»

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4.Преобразуйте предложения из косвенной речи в прямую :

1. He said that he would be in Spain the following month.
2. They say to me that they would buy this house.
3. She told me that she won the prize the day before.
4. I told her that I had cooked pizza.
5. We said to them that they had to work harder.

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Homework
do the tasks in your worksheets

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the summing up
Answer the questions

1.What means the term «reported speech»?
2.What does reported speech consist of?
3.When do the Tenses change in reported speech ?